Stella Bullo · Linguistics Engineer & Applied Language Specialist (EN/ES)

I analyse how people communicate meaning, emotion, and lived experience, and integrate linguistic insight into digital systems that enhance natural-language interpretation.

This site hosts essays and research dossiers on language, annotation, and applied language interfaces. It connects linguistic inquiry with the prototypes and tools I develop from my work on communication and meaning.

Meaning modelling Annotation & Evaluation (EN/ES) Linguistics for digital systems

Articles & Research Dossiers

Writing on linguistic modelling, annotation, and research–application pipelines.

Work that traces how linguistic insight moves from research into frameworks, white papers, annotation practices, and explainable language tools — where analytical thinking meets applied linguistic engineering.

Meaning modelling Annotation & evaluation Research → application

Meaning & modelling

When words do more than describe: modelling lived experience

What metaphor and language patterns reveal about how people conceptualise experience, and how linguistic modelling can support sentiment, appraisal, and explainable interfaces across domains.

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Annotation & evaluation

Annotation as listening: how we train and evaluate AI through language

Why annotation is a form of linguistic interpretation, and how careful tag design, evaluation criteria, and clear prompting shape model behaviour. A look at the linguistic thinking behind training, QA, and dataset quality.

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Research → application

Modelling human experience: from qualitative data to digital communication tools

A case study showing how research into endometriosis experiences, first explored in my Language of Endometriosis project, evolved into the prototype Explain My Pain . An example of how I turn qualitative research into frameworks and digital tools that support clearer communication.

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Language notes & essays

Essays on language, culture, and meaning.

Shorter reflections from linguistics, intercultural communication, and everyday life. These pieces sit alongside the more formal research dossiers and trace how I think about language in use, across cultures, and in lived experience.

Language & life

Small stories where language does something more.

Short narrative pieces and studio notes from everyday life: family stories, classroom moments, and tiny interactions that show how language shapes experience.

What I do

Linguistics engineered into products, systems, and explainable tools.

I build the language layer of products and datasets: modelling meaning, shaping annotation and evaluation pipelines, and turning qualitative research into explainable tools in English and Spanish.

I blend linguistic theory with applied systems design so that models, interfaces, and workflows reflect how people actually communicate.

If you need someone to design the language layer of your product, dataset, or research, let’s talk .

Applied meaning modelling

I turn how people describe and evaluate experiences into structured models for explainable tools.

Annotation & evaluation (EN/ES)

I design tags, guidelines, prompts, and QA checks for multilingual speech and text that capture how people interpret meaning.

Linguistics for digital systems

I translate linguistic insight into taxonomies, content structures, and explainable components for digital systems.

Research → application pipelines

I turn qualitative research into taxonomies, clear reports, and early prototypes for better clinical and digital communication.

Portfolio

Selected work where linguistic research becomes tools, frameworks, and workflows.

Explain My Pain: structured summaries from real language

A tool that turns patients' metaphors and descriptions of pain into structured summaries for analysis and clinical communication of endometriosis pain.

  • • Language model and taxonomy design
  • • Tagging logic and interface text

The Language of Endometriosis: corpus & meaning framework

A corpus and analytical framework used to study pain descriptions, metaphor patterns, and how communication shapes diagnosis.

  • • Corpus design and ethical data curation
  • • Semantic categories and metaphor patterns
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Annotation & evaluation: speech and language projects

Freelance annotation and evaluation work across speech and text, grounded in linguistic meaning and quality-focused review.

  • • Spanish (LATAM) speech verification
  • • Instruction-following QA
  • • Meaning-focused evaluation
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Story

From academic linguistics to applied language technology.

I trained as a linguist in Argentina and the UK, completing a PhD in Linguistics at Lancaster University. I then spent 17 years as a lecturer and researcher in UK universities, working on evaluation, metaphor, and how people use language to express experience — especially pain, emotion, and attitude across interviews, forums, and clinical or professional encounters.

Over time, my focus shifted from analysing texts to asking how those insights could live inside tools: how a taxonomy of metaphors might support clinical conversations, how annotation schemes and guidelines could improve the quality of language datasets.

Today, I work at the intersection of linguistics, annotation, and NLP. I design frameworks that respect the nuance of language while making it possible to connect human narratives with structured, interpretable data for products, research, and AI systems.

Publications & media

Selected academic work and media features.

A concise selection of research and media pieces that inform my applied linguistic work, from pain communication to meaning modelling and discourse analysis.

Selected publications

  • • Research on pain communication, metaphor, and diagnostic delay (2020–2025), including articles in Frontiers, Health, and the British Journal of Health Psychology.
  • • Work on evaluation, stance, intertextuality, and the cognitive dimensions of discourse.
  • • Books with Cambridge University Press and Palgrave on clichés and evaluative language.

Media & commentary

  • • Features in The New York Times, The Guardian, and The Conversation discussing how language shapes pain visibility and diagnostic experiences.
  • • Interviews on BBC Radio World Service about metaphor, pain narratives, and communication.
  • • Public-facing writing translating linguistic research into accessible insights for wider audiences.